There were thousands of concentration camps, too many to name. However, the camps were classified by their country and city. The more commonly known camps included: Auschwitz, Buchenwald, Bergen-Belsen, Dachau, Sachsenhausen
Concentration Camp: Camps in which Jews were imprisoned by the Nazis, located in Germany and Nazi-occupied Europe. There were three different kinds of camps: transit, labor and extermination. Many prisoners in concentration camps died within months of arriving from violence or starvation. Auschwitz - Birkenau /oushvits - bia ke now/ : A complex consisting of concentration, extermination, and labor camps in Upper Silesia. It was established in 1940 as a concentration camp and included a killing center in 1942. Auschwitz I: The main camp. Dachau: Hittler’s model camp located outside Munich, opened March 20,1933; initially designed to hold political prisoners Mauthausen: Hard labor and concentration camp located near Linz, Austria. Bergen-Belsen: Nazi concentration camp in northwestern Germany. Erected in 1943. Thousands of Jews, political prisoners, and POWs were killed there. Liberated by British troops in April 1945, although many of the remaining prisoners died of typhus after liberation. Theresienstadt (a.k.a. Terezin): A concentration camp located near Prague,Czechoslovakia. It was used as a “model” to deceive the world about the reality of Nazi plans for European Jews. Theresienstadt is the German word for this camp; Terezin is the Czech word for this camp. |
Extermination Camp: Six major camps designed and built for the sole purpose of killing Jews. These were Auschwitz-Birkenau, Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek, Sobibor and Treblinka. Auschwitz II (Also known as Birkenau): The extermination center Belzec: Nazi extermination camp in eastern Poland. Erected in 1942. Approximately 550,000 Jews were murdered there in 1942 and 1943. The Nazis dismantled the camp in the fall of 1943. Chelmno First death camp to use gassing and first place located outside Soviet territory in which Jews were systematically killed as part of “Final Solution.” Majdanek Death camp located in a suburb of Lublin, Poland where 360,000 people were shot, beaten, starved or gassed to death. Treblinka: A death camp located in sparsely populated area near Treblinka, Poland, approximately 870,000 Jews killed. |